Genetically Modified Babies Essay - 887 Words

Speech Exam Grade VI – Personal Project â€Å"Designer Babies† Is this the child that you have envisioned in your future? Or maybe did you see your child with brown eyes rather than blue? Maybe more intellectually gifted? Or with the promise of performing well in sport? What if there was a future where having a child was as simple as selecting desirable genes out of a catalogue? A future where technology granted parents the ability to design and perfect their children. The notion of â€Å"Designer Babies† seems absurd; however the rapid development of technology and the potential of gene manipulation could make this a startling reality. Gene technology is becoming increasingly present in modern society, with scientists continually†¦show more content†¦The creation of GM babies would no doubt result in a â€Å"genetic supermarket†; wherein becoming a parent is as simple as purchasing a new car. If you want a female, gifted child, with the blackest hair and the bluest eyes and maybe even a superior IQ, one only needs to purchase the necessary goods and services to create that exact child. But what type of future would we be buying into? Though it is evident that the concept of â€Å"Designer Babies† would prove unpopular amongst the majority of society, there still remains to be advocates for a future compromising of GM children. It is argued that gene technology will bring about a new age of human beings who are happier, smarter and healthier. Supporters look forward to a future when parents could quite literally assemble their children from genes listed in a catalogue. A future in which the health, appearance, personality and life span of our children become mere artefacts of genetic modification. Despite the few supporters of â€Å"Designer Babies†, the notion of genetically enhanced children brings forward many ethical issues. A primary concern of this technology is its use for enhancement purposes. It would be impossible to prevent such use and would thus blur the objectives of gene technology from medical purposes, to the trait selection and enhancement of embryos. It has also been noted that the genetic modification of people mirrors the extremist views of Hitler, who sought to shape the GermanShow MoreRelatedBenefits Of Genetically Modified Babies1502 Words   |  7 Pagespeople’s fear of Genetically Modified Babies, which is â€Å"a biologically radical technique referred to by terms including ‘mitochondrial replacement,’ and ‘nuclear genome transfer,’ [these techniques] would produce modifications in every cell of any resulting children† (Cussin and Darnovsky 16). This procedure takes the fetus’s cells and allows the doctors to manipulate the cells in any matter they want; then, the cells are placed in the women’s egg. Unfortunately, Genetically Modified Babies are â€Å"codifiedRead MoreGenetically Modified Babies Essay1065 Words   |  5 PagesThe future of genetically modified children could be closer than we think. Children born through mitochondrial replacement therapy are named ‘three parent babies’ due to the contribution of nuclear DNA from the father, nuclear DNA from the mother, and mitochondrial DNA from a donor (Hayden, 2008). For many people this concept illustrates several ethical issues and there have been suggestions of it being a type of genetic engineering for ‘designer babies’ and a negative eugenic practice (Collins,Read MoreBenefits Of Genetically Modified Embryos ( Gm Babies )2119 Words   |  9 Pagesfuture if we allow the research of genetically- modified embryos (GM babies) to continue. Discussed by many, this topic has become inc reasingly popular. For some people this interests them in the sense that we can become the best versions of ourselves, simply by changing our genes. Another reason people support GM babies is that there is experiments that can prevent babies from being born with genetic health problems. Although the creation of these altered GM babies has some advantages, there are severalRead MoreGenetic Engineering: Brave New World1012 Words   |  5 Pagesengineering has been around for many years and is widely used all over the planet. Many people don’t realize that genetic engineering is part of their daily lives and diet. Today, almost 70 percent of processed foods from a grocery store were genetically engineered. Genetic engineering can be in plants, foods, animals, and even humans. Although debates about genetic engineering still exist, many people have accepted due to the health benefits of gene therapy. The lack of knowledge has always trickedRead MoreEssay about Genetically Modi fied Foods Speech1295 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Genetically Modified Foods GENERAL GOAL: I want to inform my audience. SPECIFIC SPEECH GOAL: I would like to increase the audience’s knowledge of genetically modified foods, their history, and the controversy that it involves. THESIS STATEMENT: I want to inform my audience by explaining exactly what genetically modified foods are, as well as, there intended purpose, history, advantages, disadvantages and controversy surrounding them. Introduction I. Before you eat a meal or snack do youRead MoreGentically Modified Organisms are the Topic of Conversation718 Words   |  3 PagesIn the past decade or so, genetically modified foods and genetically modified organisms, also known as GM Foods and GMO’s, have been a never ending topic of discussion. GM Foods and GMO’s have adversely affected people’s health all over the world. GMO’s are developed through taking genes of different species, then combining them through genetic engineering. Neither of those things can happen naturally or out in nature. That should raise lots of red flags to our society already. Adding these alteredRead MoreGenetic Engineering: Paper 3. Long, Blond Hair, Bright,1310 Words   |  6 Pageshuman nature.   Genetic engineering, which includes the deliberate modification of human characteristics in a specific organism, causes controversy between people with difference in opinion (U.S.).   Genetic engineering for the aspiration of designer babies is not right, however utility for medical reasons of a fetus should be granted. In a New York Times article, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) panel states that they will only look into the scientific aspects of what they call mitochondrialRead MoreGenetically Modified Organisms: Dangerous Health Concerns600 Words   |  3 PagesGenetically Modified Organisms: Dangerous Health Concerns In the past few years, people have become more and more health conscious about what they eat. However, a new issue that is causing concern is the addition of genetically modified organisms. Genetically modified organisms are organisms whose genes are modified by using engineering techniques. GMOs are scientifically altered to kill insects and change the way the plants grow or taste. The effects of these mutations are causing serious healthRead MoreLabeling For The Health Of Americans1601 Words   |  7 Pagesmany people know what they are actually consuming from their food sources (Prah). Genetically modified organism, also known as genetically modified organisms engineered in a lab by scientists that alter the genes of plants and animals. By fixating DNA from other organisms into America’s food sources, they create substances that are detrimental to the health of human beings. In addition to this, these genetically modified organisms are completely foreign to the plants and animals they undergo; theirRead MoreThe Effects Of Genetically Modified Foods On Human Health1379 Words   |  6 Pagesconsequences of genetically modified foods on human health as of yet. Furthermore no agreement among the scientific community has been reached on the risks or safety of this technology, although it seems to possess wide, uncertain and, potentially dangerous implications for human health, which are inextricably linked to moral/ethical concerns. Genetically modified foods is most commonly used to refer to crop plants created for human or animal consumption, which have been modified in the laboratory

Life Cycle For Older Adults An Older Person s Sense Of...

an older person’s sense of self-esteem and confidence that was once stronger in the eight stage is now at a weaken state and breeds a sense that hope and trust are diminishing fast (page 110 life cycle extended). In basic terms, in the ninth stage, elders have very limited mobility, are most likely entirely dependent on other as they can no longer depend on their mind or bodies for the stability they once had earlier in older adulthood. According Erikson (1997), the ability of elders to engage like they once did when younger is now â€Å"overshadowed by new incapacities and dependencies† (p. 115). Whereas the eighth stage focused on having wisdom and integrity and avoiding the despair losing them, the ninth stage of the life cycle for older†¦show more content†¦According to Biordi Nicholson (as cited in Elder Retrum (2012), social isolation is the distancing of an individual, psychologically or physically, or both, from his or her network of desired or needed relationships with other persons. Therefore, social isolation is a loss of place within one’s group(s) (p. 2). According to Elder Retrum (2012), social isolation appears to be a blended issue involving psychological, physical and social contributing factors. Once social isolation occurs, it has been shown â€Å"to impact the psychological and cognitive well-being of older adults (Nicholson, 2012), p. 140). According to Elder Retrum (2012), the psychological risk factors for social isolation in older adults tend to be reflected in mental health challenges such as dementia and depression. Physical risk factors that include such things as limited mobility; incontinence, vision/hearing loss and physical fatigue help to fuel the onset of social isolation (Nicolson, 2012). Social factors’ including death of friends and family and language barriers also contributes to social isolation (Elder Retrum, 2012). When combined, these psychological, physical and social factors can lead to full blown isolation in older adults causing them to feel they have a lack of

Creon The Tragic Hero of Sophocles Antigone Essay Example For Students

Creon The Tragic Hero of Sophocles Antigone Essay Creon, The Tragic Hero of Sophocles Antigone Every Greek tragedy must have a tragic hero. In Sophocles play, Antigone, the most tragic hero is Creon. He is an essentially good man of high position who takes pride in his role as king. He possesses the tragic flaws of excessive pride and an oversized ego. This causes the tragic reversal that leads to his emotional ruin and eventual remorse and repentance. As King of Thebes, Creon is forced to make difficult decisions. As a new ruler, he feels it is necessary to prove himself to his citizens, therefore he rules his state with a firm hand. He believes that Polyneices should not be buried because he was a traitor to his country and family. Creon knew this decision would be hard on some people, but did not anticipate how greatly it would affect his niece, Antigone. Because Antigone goes against Creons will and law and buries her brother, she forces him into a position where he again has to make a difficult decision. He must choose to kill his own family member and uphold the law, or punish her less severely and show that he was wrong in a previous decision. Creons pride does not allow him show leniency toward Antigone, and he arrogantly defends his decision by stating, whoever may be the man appointed by the city, that man must be obeyed in everything, little or great, just or unjust (line 608). Creons arrogance and pride is the tragic flaw that leads to his inevitable downfall. He does not hand down a just sentence to Antigone because he wants to protect his image. He says, if she triumphs and goes unpunished, I am no man she is (line 441). In addition, Creon also has an inaccurate view of his place in relation to the gods. He believes that mans laws are more important than the laws of the gods. Antigone tries to defend her decision to bury her brother by proclaiming, I do not think your edicts have such power that they can override the laws of heavenIf I transgressed these laws because I feared the arrogance of man, how to the gods could I make satisfaction (line 408)? Creons hubris causes him to think that he must put Antigone to death because she chooses to follow the gods laws over his. Many people try to warn him and beg him to reconsider. First, Haemon tries to appeal to his fathers sense of reason when he says, The gods have given men the gift of reason, greatest of all things that we call our owndo not feel your word, and yours alone, must be correct (line 625). Creon, because of his pride, becomes furious with his young son for trying to teach him wisdom, and says, One thing is certain: You are going to pay for taunting and insulting me (line 709). Next, Tiresias comes to warn him that he stands upon the brink of ruin (line 918). But Creon refuses to heed his warning and accuses Tiresias of profiteering. Finally, after Tiresiass doomful prophecy, the Chorus tries to change the Kings mind. At first Creon resists the advisement of the chorus by stating To yield is bitter. But to resist and bring a curse on my pride is no less bitter (line 1025). But the Chorus eventually convinces him to release Antigone from the tomb in which she is imprisoned. Unfortunately, Creon realizes his hubris and his wrong decision a little too late. He discovers that Antigone is already dead, and watches as his son takes his own life. .u29dfd9ec0892431917a32e5de597d31d , .u29dfd9ec0892431917a32e5de597d31d .postImageUrl , .u29dfd9ec0892431917a32e5de597d31d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u29dfd9ec0892431917a32e5de597d31d , .u29dfd9ec0892431917a32e5de597d31d:hover , .u29dfd9ec0892431917a32e5de597d31d:visited , .u29dfd9ec0892431917a32e5de597d31d:active { border:0!important; } .u29dfd9ec0892431917a32e5de597d31d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u29dfd9ec0892431917a32e5de597d31d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u29dfd9ec0892431917a32e5de597d31d:active , .u29dfd9ec0892431917a32e5de597d31d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u29dfd9ec0892431917a32e5de597d31d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u29dfd9ec0892431917a32e5de597d31d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u29dfd9ec0892431917a32e5de597d31d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u29dfd9ec0892431917a32e5de597d31d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u29dfd9ec0892431917a32e5de597d31d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u29dfd9ec0892431917a32e5de597d31d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u29dfd9ec0892431917a32e5de597d31d .u29dfd9ec0892431917a32e5de597d31d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u29dfd9ec0892431917a32e5de597d31d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Poverty in America Essay As he mourns his loss and wallows in guilt he receives word from the messenger that his wife, Eurydice, cursed his name as she committed suicide. In the process of going from ignorance to knowledge, he loses Antigone, his wife, and his son. Although he is unable to absolve the tragedy that has occurred all his suffering humbles him as he states, My lesson has been bitter and complete (line 1203). Creon, by definition, is the most tragic hero in the play Antigone. Creon is a man of high position and he is an essentially good person, .

Management Essays - Organizational Theory, Leadership, Cognition

Management The experience during the (name of course) at (name of College) has given me a broader view on managment. With the vast amount of material given to me in class with prior modules, I?ve increased my understanding of an effective management. One?s skill in management requires constant practice. Mangers who grow too complacement or too lazy to continue practicing will eventually find their carrer in decay. In this paper, I will present my concept of an ideal managment environment. Good management is practiced in many forms and in a great diversity of business situations. There are basic principles of how to manage, but they would be applied differently in different situations. In an effective organization led by good managers, there is a clear set of strategic objectives I consider skill essential in an effective management: ? Communication ? Motivation ? Listening ? Teamwork ? Interpersonal Skill ? Goals After I explain the six essential skills in an effective management, I will state my own style/preferences in management and explain how I?ll try to incorporate them into my effective management views. There are many more concepts I have learned about effective management but I will focus on what areas I believe can relate to my needs in my organization. It is worthy to note that a successful organization have managers who have a great deal of flexibility in establishing a workable leadership style. Successful managers, in addition, realize that times, tasks, and circumstances change on a daily basis. Communication Nothing could be easier than failing to communicate. For many years, managers think they can belittle their employees with the ?I?m the boss, get to work? attitude. It is different today in most places. More poeople are beginning to understand how important good comunication really is. Communicating well is something every one of us does everday in our lives. However, effective communication seems to be rare in adults. There are some basic concepts that can be implemented to have a successful communication. They are making communication a top priority, being open to other people, and creating a receptive enviornment for communication. First, I?ve learned that I must make time to communicate with my subordinates no matter how busy I find myself during the work day. All my brilliant ideas are worthless if I dont share them. Second, if I can show my colleagues I am receptive to their ideas, they are more likely to be receptive to me and to keep me honestly informed about the things I need to know. I?ve learned that a good organization has people caring about the future of the organization and that top managements care as much about their people. Finally, it?s a basic fact that people wont say what they think and won?t listen receptively to what you say unless a foundation of trust and shared interest has been laid. In an effective management environment, people shouldn?t be punished for their openness; especially in situation when they took the risk to tell you what they think. For example, if I am in a position when someone disagrees with my plan and tried to make a suggestion, I?d be very delicate about the way I tell them I dont agree with them. However, I?d encourage them to come back to me the next time and make another suggestion. Motivation I see an importance in having a skill to motivate people. In an effective managment environment, leaders should show the employees that he will take risks and encourages them to do the same. In the past modules, I?ve learned that using fear is a poor motivator. Companies that are run on that basis will end up with a work force of resentful employees. An ideal environment would be a place where someone feel a real sense of purpose, the feeling that they are valuable. This is where I believe a true motivation comes from, not just to work but to excel. To do this, I believe people need to be recognized, be included, be encouraged, and be involved. Glory should be shared with everyone in an organization and a clear understanding how value individuals are. I?d like to see employees be given the freedom to work as they see fit, and convey their belief in their abilities by getting out of the way.

Catcher in the Rye Essays

Catcher in the Rye Essays Catcher in the Rye Essay Catcher in the Rye Essay Essay Topic: The Catcher in the Rye Comparative Essay We as the generation X experience a lot of pressure and influence by the world around us, and these factors will affect our views on society. Some factors that will play a major role in our development will be influences by our parents, and the social changes we experience throughout the years. We are also influenced by social norms. J. D Salinger, the author of â€Å"The Catcher and the Rye† has done an excellent job giving a great view of the world from the perspective of an ordinary teenager named Holden Caulfield. Holden’s life had taken a deep journey into the world of adulthood, and his experiences are changing his views on adults. Holden is a lonely and a mysterious person who often thinks differently from others. You may see obvious signs that Holden is a troubled and unreliable narrator, who fails out of four schools and is very careless about his future. This may not be the case if every teenager’s life, but those who are forced into education have a likely chance of turning into a Holden. The ISU novel â€Å"Juvie Three† by Gordon Korman, was identical to catcher since it too talked about the life of a teenagers but from a criminal’s point of view. The three protagonists Gecko, Arjay and Terence are convicts who are given a second chance to better their lives and to start fresh. The book talks about the struggles and decisions the three made in order to stay out of trouble. Although both books may be similar, the protagonists both have totally different goals and ideas of future. Also the stories are more imaginative and less realistic when looking at certain parts in the book. But for a fact the novels portray a major theme that is a key aspect to a teenager, which is alienation as for self protection. Holden has alienated himself to keep from the dangers others may bring upon him, whereas the protagonist in â€Å"Juvie Three† have alienated themselves to keep away from trouble. Both the novels and my life can relate and differentiate from the life of a teenager and the influence the society has on us all. We are the kids of the baby boomers, thus making our parents have total control over some of our lives. Some teens were forced into education, like Holden by his parents, which is apparently the key to having a â€Å"successful† future. In Holden’s case he is far from having a successful future due to his bad intentions towards education, which his parents are aware of. â€Å"Juvie Three† also shows great examples of when the three criminals are under the supervision of adults and have little or no freedom at anytime. Adults have always had power over us; take for example the government, which consists of adults who decide on how the economy should be structured. We are required to live under their rules, since we are too â€Å"young† and â€Å"irresponsible† to have our own voice. The voting age in Canada is 18, meaning the government and its leaders of the past and present are saying that we who are considered â€Å"minors† should not have a say in our country of birth. This brings down our self esteem and it can have a major psychological effect as we grow older. When Holden got involved with the pimp at the hotel, the pimp dominated him, regardless the fact he is just a teenager going through change. â€Å"Life is a game, boy. Life is a game that one plays according to the rules. † This quote was said by one of Holden’s professors, and after Holden took in the meaning of this advice, he reacted by telling himself, â€Å"Game, my ass. Some game. If you get on the side where all the hot-shots are, then it’s a game, all right- I’ll admit that. But if you get on the other side, where there aren’t any hot-shots, then what’s a game about it? Nothing. No game. What the intention here is that adults are always looking and giving acknowledgment from their point of view, rather than looking from a teenagers point. Adults giving advice from their perspectives, with lack of familiarity with teenagers’ life can only lead one through the wrong path. â€Å"Juvie three,† as I stated, portrays a great example of domination by adults, as the three protagonists have lost the little freedom they had in jail when they were released into the custody of Douglas Healy. Healy has received a New Directions to create a living situation for boys in the juvenile detention system. He will be living with and supervising the trio in an apartment and they will be carefully overseen during every moment as they attend a public high school, participate in community service and take part in group counseling. They will also have no contact with any family or friends for the first 10 months. The three were randomly chosen and forced by â€Å"adults† to participate in this program, even though it may seem like its helping, the boys themselves affirmed that they’d rather stay in jail. Yet regardless they were put into the program. We are all meant to be free birds, to fly free in our own little routes, but the contemplation of a teenager from an adult’s point of view will trap us in a cage forever. Another factor that was portrayed in both the novels and my personal life is the fear of a teens going into the world of adultery. In my novel called â€Å"Juvie Three†, the three main protagonists have accidently put their guardian in a coma and are currently taking in the responsibility as an adult to hide their crime. They seem to face many hardships in dealing with the situations. I myself am fearful of my future every time I think of attending college. The fear of not being prepared and the nervousness about my expectations make my heart skip beats. As well my decisions made will be the first milestone towards my future in pursing my â€Å"dream† career. In my previous paragraph I talked about adults over ruling the teenagers, I fear of truing into that person. Out of the two books â€Å"The Cather in the Rye† portrayed more fear of change than â€Å"Juvie Three† because at one point Holden states that â€Å"The best thing, though, in that museum was that everything always stayed right where it was. Nobody’d move. . . . Nobody’d be different. The only thing that would be different would be you. † This symbolizes that Holden fears and does not know how to deal with conflict, confusion, and change. The museum presents him with an idea of life he can understand, since it is frozen, silent, and always the same. Every individual is afraid of change, not considering the fact that it may be positive or negative. One factor that differentiates both the novels is peer support and the individual’s ability to make and keep friends. As I read catcher, I learned that Holden is a very lonely individual who can’t maintain a stable relationship with any of his peers. He feels as if he is alienated since he has nothing in common with those whom he knows. Holden had approached many in hope to earn their trust, but most these conversation end up in a character leaving or them bringing Holden’s self esteem down by contradicting with his ideas and thoughts. It is a fact that Holden is diagnosed with some kind of mental issue since he fails to pursue ideas that are less realistic. I congratulate him for having great fantasizes, but he has to be able to think like a real person in order to gain love from those he cares about. Whereas the character from my novel, were able to make friends in their new school in no time. The main protagonist Gecko was able to make friends and even ends up in a deep relationship with a girl he just met. The difference between Gecko and Holden is that Gecko has a fixed mind when approaching someone, while Holden has 100s of things running through his head making him confused on what he should say and how he should response. Also Holden barely gets any support from his peers except for his sister who seems to be the only relation who cares for him, whereas Gecko and the two other protagonists seem to have a strong bond between them. Alienation and the lack of peer support play a great role in the novel, since the entire plot is based on one’s aptitude to make and keep friends. Holden Caulfield is a free bird released into the night skies of New York City, where he can do whatever he desires to do for the few days he decides to stay there. Even though Holden may be a confused and lonely individual, he has a strong sense of his neighborhood he grew up in. He knows the bars, clubs, hotels, theaters and stores, making him very aware of his surroundings. He even knows a lot of other characters, but is unfortunately afraid to approach many of them. On the other hand, Gecko, Arjay and Terence are all new to New York City, and have no idea where places are, not even their school. When their guardian goes into a coma, they struggle to find their destinations around the city. I personally like moving from place to place maybe because I’m used to it, since I moved to 6 different places in 9 years time. It is hard to adapt to change, but once you get used to the environment, life goes on. Out of all ages, we teens from the ages of 14-17 experience the most difficult factors relating to over control by adults and pressure from society or peers. Even though all or lives may not be the same, we can all relate in one way or another. Both the authors have done a magnificent job in representing the lives of teens growing up. Even if you are a mentally challenged or a convicted criminal, you will still face issues that will turn your life upside down. It is up to you, as a responsible and intelligent teenager to make smart decisions to overcome these encounters. Know your place, know your parents and know your peers, this way you can be your own self and fight the stereotypes placed on young teenagers like us. The Catcher in the Rye† Summary The Catcher in the Rye begins with Holden Caulfield at Pencey Prep School in Pennsylvania, where hes just been kicked out for failing all his classes. In the dorm, Holden introduces Ackley, who is a pimply and annoying kid and also his other roommate Stradlater who is very good looking according to Holden. Holden writes about his younger brother Allie, who died three years prior because he was diagnosed with leukemia. Stradlater comes back and gets into a fight with Holden, so Holden decides to leave Pencey, right then and there. He gets off at station in New York, and he wants to call someone but cant decide who, and ends up taking a cab to the a Hotel. Once hes gotten a room at the hotel, Holden tries calling a girl who he knows, but fails to make a date with her. In the hotel lounge, he dances with three girls, only one of whom is attractive. When the girls take off, Holden thinks of Jane whom he had a crush on a few summers ago. Back in his hotel, he ends up with a prostitute named Sunny in his room. Hes more into talking than sex, and Sunny, whos quite young herself, gets confused and leaves his room with a little of Holdens money but no sex. She comes back later with her pimp, and Holden ends up paying the prostitute double. The next day Holden leaves his hotel, makes a date with an old friend named Sally Hayes. Holden heads to the park to kill some time before his date with Sally. So he chats with a girl in the park. He had thoughts about the museum he used to visit as a child, he remarks on how the displays behind the glass cases always stay the same, but the people that visit are different every time. He meets Sally and goes skating with her. He shares with Sally his fantasy of running away, living in a log cabin for the rest of his life. When Sally does not feel like running away to a cabin, Holden flips out and Sally ends up leaving. Alone yet again for the evening, Holden calls up an old friend from school, Carl, and arranges to meet him for drinks. At the bar, Carl and Holden go of in the wrong path making Carl leave early. Holden leaves home and visits an old teacher, Mr. Antolini. He gets another long lecture on the importance of education, and later Holden finds out that the teacher is a pervert which made him spend the rest of the night at a train station. Holden decides to run away, informs his sister Phoebe, and finally meets up with her. She has decided that she wants to run away with him. Holden explains this isnt possible. Phoebe gets angry and ignores Holden. But they get together later and end up at the carousel, where Holden promises Phoebe that he wont run away after all. As he watches her go around on the carousel, he states that hes happy, which is the first time weve heard him say that in the novel. One year later Holden is in therapy for getting sick in some way. THE END Catcher in the Rye Essays Catcher in the Rye Essay Catcher in the Rye Essay Essay Topic: The Catcher in the Rye You ought to go to a boys school sometimes. Try it sometime, I said. Its full of phonies, and all you do is study so that you can learn enough to be smart enough to be able to buy a goddam Cadillac some day, and you have to keep making believe you give a damn if the football team loses, and all you do is talk about girls and liquor and sex all day, and everybody sticks together in these dirty little goddam cliques. The guys that are on the basketball team stick together, the goddam intellectuals stick together, the guys that play bridge stick together. Even the guys that belong to the goddam Book-of-the-Month Club stick together. (Salinger, 170) The selected passage above portrays Holden’s adolescent view of society which he sees as corrupt and in which he cannot seem to function. The passage shows how he alienates himself from society as a whole. Throughout the novel, Holden attacks various aspects of humanity and is hypercritical of everyone and everything around him. Holden ’s writing style in the passage reflects this conflict within him. Salinger uses diction in this work to show Holden’s maturity level as well as his hostility towards those around him. In addition, Holden’s first person narrative voice reveals his fears and insecurities.The author also uses the frenetic pace of Holden’s narrative to portray the characters increasing anxieties as the novel progresses. Holden’s tone fluctuates throughout the novel and he constantly repeats the same words and ideas as a way of making the reader sense the conflicts within him. This passage depicts Holden Caulfield’s alienation from society on his journey from childhood to adulthood, and eventually the toll it takes on his mental state. Holden frequently uses the word â€Å"phonies† throughout the novel to refer to what he sees as the hypocrisy of the world around him.To Holden, schools such as Pency and the other prep schools he attended represent all tha t Holden believes is superficial or phony. As a result of getting kicked out of school, Holden puts the idea in his head that now he can accomplish something and separate himself from the phonies. Sadly, Holden doesn’t just categorize the boys at school phonies but he seems to consider almost every type of person he comes across a phony. The use of the word â€Å"Phonies† shows his attitude towards adults and adulthood and also his maturity level. Holden’s colloquial style of speaking r his narrative voice help to reveal his fears and anxieties about adulthood. For instance, Holden begins to talk about future professions. Although he is interested in the practice of law he is thrown off by whether the true purpose is to actually help out an innocent person or to achieve success. The same idea is depicted through his attitude about his brother D. B. Holden classifies D. B as a â€Å"phony† because he has a remarkable talent in writing, but threw it away wh en he moved to Hollywood for a career in movie writing. To Holden, Children are the only people who are not phonies.He thinks so highly of Phoebe because she is so innocent. Holden feels at peace when he hears the boy singing the Catcher In The Rye song when he walks down the street. Another theme of the novel highlighted in this passage is Holden’s concern with the pressures of a teenager growing up. Through the use of repetition the reader understands Holden’s conflicting emotions and apprehension when it comes to women, alcohol, and sex. The tone of this conversation with Sally in the passage is extremely aggressive. Throughout the novel the tone fluctuates between calm and straightforward to frantic and erratic.In this particular passage Holden is so antagonistic and passionate in his speech that he confuses and frightens Sally. She asks him not to shout and says she doesn’t have any idea what he’s talking about. From Holden’s aggressive tone w e as readers can feel the fragility of his mental state. Earlier in the novel we see Holden’s uneasiness about girls and sex when Stradlater takes Jane out on a date. Holden says, â€Å" I kept thinking about Jane, and about Stradlater having a date with her and all. It made me so nervous I nearly went crazy. I already told you what a sexy bastard Stradlater was. (Salinger 44-45) Another one of Holden’s obsessions is alcohol. He constantly goes to different bars where he is able to order drinks because of his height and grey hair. Again we see his maturity level when Holden becomes out of hand when he drinks. For example, the night he became extremely drunk and he spoke to Sally like a madman over the phone. The fact the Holden constantly smokes also indicates Holden’s desperate need for help and guidance. Sadly, His inability to cope with his journey into adulthood ultimately results in his breakdown. This passage highlights Holden’s feeling of total di sconnection to all of the people around him.We are able to understand through Holden’s narrative perspective that he is not able to place himself anywhere among his peers when he lists all of the cliques and groups to which he does not belong. In many ways this outlook is typical of any adolescent boy but Holden clearly is struggling beyond what most would consider normal. The fact that the reader knows at the beginning of the novel that Holden is still struggling with all of these problems makes us both sympathetic and frustrated with the lack of support he receives from anyone throughout his journey.It is understandable that Holden is stressed considering he is going through hormonal changes, obviously he is still grieving over the death of his brother, he witnesses a suicide, and he seems to not adult figure to turn to. This section of the novel ultimately foreshadows Holden’s breakdown. Just before this passage he says to Sally, â€Å"did you ever get fed up? â₠¬  I said. â€Å" I mean did you ever get scarred that everything was going lousy unless you did something? I mean do you like school, and all that stuff? † (Salinger 169. ) This quote clearly connects to Holden’s ultimate breakdown.Throughout the novel, Holden seems to be excluded from and victimized by the world around him. As he says to Mr. Spencer, he feels trapped on â€Å"the other side† of life, and he continually attempts to find his way in a world in which he feels he doesn’t belong. This passage highlights that aspect of the novel. Through his use of the characters tone, voice, perspective, repletion, and pace the author shows Holden to be an emotionally unstable boy. This passage shows the extreme nature of Holden’s alienation. As Phoebe accurately states towards the end of the novel, â€Å"you don’t like anything that’s happening. † (Salinger 220)

Indian Red Scorpion Facts (Hottentotta tamulus)

Indian Red Scorpion Facts (Hottentotta tamulus) The Indian red scorpion (Hottentotta tamulus) or eastern Indian scorpion is considered to be the most lethal scorpion in the world. Despite its common name, the scorpion isnt necessarily red. It can range in color from reddish brown to orange or brown. The Indian red scorpion doesnt hunt people, but it will sting to defend itself. Children are most likely to die from stings because of their small size. Fast Facts: Indian Red Scorpion Scientific Name: Hottentotta tamulusCommon Names: Indian red scorpion, eastern Indian scorpionBasic Animal Group: InvertebrateSize: 2.0-3.5 inchesLifespan: 3-5 years (captivity)Diet: CarnivoreHabitat: India, Pakistan, Nepal, Sri LankaPopulation: AbundantConservation Status: Not evaluated Description The Indian red scorpion is a fairly small scorpion, ranging from 2 to 3-1/2 inches in length. It ranges in color from bright reddish orange to dull brown. The species has distinctive dark gray ridges and granulation. It has relatively small pincers, a thickened tail (telson) and a large stinger. As with spiders, male scorpion pedipalps appear somewhat inflated compared to those of females. Like other scorpions, the Indian red scorpion is fluorescent under black light. Several color morphs of Indian red scorpions exist. Sagar khunte /  Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license Habitat and Distribution The species is found in India, eastern Pakistan, and eastern Nepal. Recently, it has been seen (rarely) in Sri Lanka. Although little is known about the Indian red scorpions ecology, it appears to prefer humid tropical and subtropical habitats. It often lives near or in human settlements. Diet and Behavior The Indian red scorpion is a carnivore. It is a nocturnal ambush predator that detects prey by vibration and subdues it using its chelae (claws) and stinger. It feeds on cockroaches and other invertebrates and sometimes small vertebrates, such as lizards and rodents. Reproduction and Offspring In general, scorpions reach sexual maturity between 1 and 3 years of age. While some species can reproduce asexually via parthenogenesis, the Indian red scorpion only reproduces sexually. Mating occurs following a complex courtship ritual in which the male grasps the females pedipalps and dances with her until he finds a suitable flat area to deposit his spermatophore. He guides the female over the spermatophore and she accepts it into her genital opening. While scorpion females tend not to eat their mates, sexual cannibalism is not unknown, so males quickly depart following mating. Females give birth to live young, which are called scorplings. The young resemble their parents except they are white and unable to sting. They stay with their mother, riding on her back, at least until after their first molt. In captivity, Indian red scorpions live 3 to 5 years. The female Indian red scorpion carries her young on her back. Akash M. Deshmukh /  Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license Conservation Status The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has not evaluated the conservation status of the Indian red scorpion. The scorpion is abundant within its range (except for Sri Lanka). However, there are high bounties on collection of wild specimens for scientific research, plus they may be captured for the pet trade. The population trend of the species is unknown. Indian Red Scorpions and Humans Despite their potent venom, Indian red scorpions are kept as pets. They are also kept and bred in captivity for medical research. Scorpion toxins include potassium channel-blocking peptides, which may have use as immunosuppressants for autoimmune disorders (e.g., multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis). Some toxins may have application in dermatology, cancer treatment, and as antimalarial drugs. Indian red scorpion stings are not uncommon in India and Nepal. While the scorpions are not aggressive, they will sting when stepped on or otherwise threatened. Reported clinical fatality rates range from 8 to 40%. Children are the most common victims. Symptoms of envenomation include severe pain at the site of the sting, vomiting, sweating, breathlessness, and alternating high and low blood pressure and heart rate. The venom targets the pulmonary and cardiovascular system and can cause death from pulmonary edema. While antivenom has little effectiveness, administration of the blood pressure medication prazosin can reduce the mortality rate to less than 4%. Some persons suffer severe allergic reactions to the venom and antivenom, including anaphylaxis. Sources Bawaskar, H.S. and P.H. Bawaskar. Indian red scorpion envenoming. Indian Journal of Pediatrics. 65 (3): 383–391, 1998. doi:10.1016/0041-0101(95)00005-7Ismail, M. and P. H. Bawaskar. The scorpion envenoming syndrome. Toxicon. 33 (7): 825–858, 1995. PMID:8588209Kovařà ­k, F. A revision of the genus Hottentotta Birula, 1908, with descriptions of four new species. Euscorpius. 58: 1–105, 2007.Nagaraj, S.K.; Dattatreya, P.; Boramuth, T.N. Indian scorpions collected in Karnataka: maintenance in captivity, venom extraction and toxicity studies. J. Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis. 2015; 21: 51. doi:10.1186/s40409-015-0053-4Polis, Gary A. The Biology of Scorpions. Stanford University Press, 1990. ISBN 978-0-8047-1249-1.

ECONOMIC Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

ECONOMIC - Essay Example But is it possible that good looks can make huge salary differences? Does it affect the productivity level as well? To test these hypotheses research was conducted by Daniel S. Hamermesh, Amy Parker (2004) in which a comparatively larger group of teachers and students was selected and to check that how far looks and beauty can influence the earnings of an individual several measures were identified which later helped in making the analysis and conclusions. In a research conducted by (Sussmuth, 2006) the results indicates that in the German educational and working environment the looks of a teacher and his/her perceived appearance has a very weak relationship with the instructors performance and productivity level. In contrast to this the conclusions made by (Mobius and Rosenblat 2006) on a study work based on the same subject states that the good and attractive appearance of a person increases his/her confidence level which ultimately leads to increased wages and salaries. While appo inting any teacher the management usually judges him/her on the basis of qualification, experience and teaching worth. However it is analyzed through several studies that students extend their goodwill towards teachers who are exceptional in their looks and maintains a beautiful personality. This compels the appointing authorities to favor those teachers who have better rating at the evaluation forms. These teachers ultimately enjoy an elevated economic position in the society. The research article has examined the impacts of beauty on the performance of undergraduate teachers with respect to their students. Students rated the teachers on their performance which was analyzed to evaluate the effect of beauty on teacher’s productivity. Persico, Postlewaite and Silverman (2004) have put forward another element in this regard that the tall height of an individual in the adolescence leads him to make achievements and accomplishments in the later life as tall height is a key factor in inducing confidence and self fulfillment in an individual. Teachers are assessed on their performance by the management in the last weeks of semesters in the University of Texas, Austin, where this research was conducted. The assessment was made through a form given to the students in which they had to rate their instructors according to their own satisfactory or unsatisfactory level about the course in absence of the teacher. Snaps of the faculty members were uploaded on the websites of their particular departments in order to record students’ ratings based on teacher’s looks. 16,957 students out of 25,547 successfully completed their evaluation forms. Additional information to increase the validity of research was also acquired by the students which included: gender of the teacher, residency in this field, status and the educational background in terms of the native language at the undergraduate level. Students’ ratings on the teachers’ pictures was recorded by a 10 to 1 scale. Through which the researchers evaluated the impacts of beauty on productivity. A model was devised for the evaluation purpose in which there were mainly two categories namely X and Z. The X category included the components such as gender, minority or majority level, English speaking skills and the term path. The innermost variable was the fused evaluation of beauty and looks. The Z category

Analytical report based on an case study about IT project management Essay - 1

Analytical report based on an case study about IT project management - Essay Example Casa XXI was the resulting company with its three partners specifically created for Alvalade Stadium Complex. Casa XXI had immense experience of catering since decades. As per agreement Casa XXI got right to serve 9 avenues including Prestige, Corporate Club, Sports 21, Restaurant Casa XXI, Cafeteria, Cafà © for employees, Lodges, Kiosks, Bars and walking sales persons. Managing and exploiting revenue from these avenues was not a piece of cake and neither Casa XXI was ready to go traditional. So, Casa XXI decided to go for a new electronic system which was an important innovation. This innovative system used pre-paid cards to pay for sales. These pre-paid cards had a unique serial number which was to be identified by a scanner. The scanner could examine the card status and recharge money to the card. Interesting aspect was its expiration in which card could be used many times. The main objective of this system was to get rid of the traditional cash system which was more time consumi ng. The new innovative system could serve many customers in shorter time hence productivity was expected to be enhanced. The innovative system used a central database to save information of all cards and sales. In this innovative system when a consumer made a payment by the card, the scanners were to track card holder’s information and money in the card. After which sale was to take place or the money could be debited accordingly. The system was further subdivided into two units. First unit was operated by the front office responsible for interacting clients while back office unit was specified for inventory management whereas information of both system was recorded on an external database. So, the expected target of this innovative system was to create a well-established electronic system of payment which could revolutionize the sales at Alvalade Stadium. Casa XXI massively publicized their innovative system

Food and Beverage Essay Example for Free

Food and Beverage Essay Food and Beverage Service is the service of Food made in the Kitchen and Drinks prepared in the Bar to the Customers (Guest) at the Food Beverage premises, which can be: Restaurants, Bars, Hotels, Airlines, Cruise Ships, Trains, Companies, Schools, Colleges, Hospitals, Prisons, Takeaway etc Food Beverage Outlets are divided in to the following categories: Restaurants: Restaurants are places where Food Drink is served. There are various types of Restaurants: All Day Dining Restaurants: They are sometimes called as Coffee Shops or Cafe in Hotels. They are usually big in size with many Covers (seats), compared to other Restaurants in the same Hotel. The main reason why they are called All Day Dining Restaurant is because of their hours of operation, as they are open for Breakfast in the Morning to Lunch in the afternoon to Dinner in the Evening. Fine Dining Restaurants: Fine Dining Restaurants are characterized by their elaborate and exclusive menu with special emphasis on the very high quality food they serve. The emphasis being on fresh ingredients and natural flavors or on the type of Cuisine served, or both. Usually the operation of this restaurant revolves around the Head Chef or Chef De Cuisine of this Outlet. Specialty Restaurants: These are Restaurants which usually have a type of National or Regional Character or Cuisine attached to them, for example: Italian Specialty Restaurant, Chinese Specialty Restaurant etc. In some Hotels they do also sometimes have Multi Cuisine Specialty Restaurant, which literally means that Restaurant serves cuisine from more than one country, or the dishes on the Menu at that Restaurant has Food Specialties from many different countries. 2. Lounge: Lounges can be found in different hotels. Their main purpose is to offer Food Drinks in relaxed surroundings with comfortable and cozy seating in relaxed surroundings. There are many kinds of Lounges ranging from a Lounge in a Lobby, Cocktail Lounge and Cigar Lounge to Executive and Club Lounge in special Floors. 3. Bar: Bar is a place where drinks are served. There is usually a small Snacks Menu too. The service is fast and quick. There are various kinds of Bars ranging from Formal bars to Club Bars, Pubs, Pool Bars, Wine Bars, Cocktail Bars, Beach Bar to Juice Bars and many more. 4. Discotheque/Nightclub: They are outlets where Music and Entertainment takes priority with the Food Drink. The operation is very fast and the guest numbers are large. Security is an important aspect in these operations. Music and entertainment can range from DJ to live bands playing. 5. Room Service/In Room Dining: Room Service, also known as In Room Dining . It is the service of Food Drink in Guest Rooms in a Hotel or a Resort. Depending on the size and type of Hotel or Resort its functions vary. 6. Meeting and Conference Rooms: Meeting and Conference rooms together with Ball Rooms come under the Banquets Conference section. They are a great source of Revenue in Food Beverage Department usually in Corporate and City Hotels. MICE (Meetings, Incentives, and Conferences Exhibitions) can alone bring much revenue in some hotels in comparison to other outlets in Hotel. 7. Ball Rooms: These are large Function Rooms which are primarily used for Functions and Weddings. The Staffing ration of Full Time Staff in this section is very less as the Function and Wedding Business can sometimes be seasonal and extra staff is usually filled in by the use of Casual Staff. This Section is the most Dynamic section in Food Beverage with the Conference Section, which is more physically demanding and creatively oriented. 8. Delicatessen: Delicatessen or Deli traditionally had been a place where fresh meat and other produce were available. Hotels nowadays use this concept of having a Deli on their premises, where guests can buy fresh produce ranging from Freshly Baked Bread, Cold Meat, Fresh Salads, Cakes, Home Made Ice creams and light and healthy drinks. 9. Others: There are many other Food Beverage outlets ranging from Fast Food Outlets to Food Courts to Snack Bars which are usually stand alone or in a shopping centre. This is just a brief introduction to Food and Beverage. Detailed information on Food and Beverage can be found at Food and Beverage Bible E Book By Santosh Koripella at: www. foodnbeveragebible. com.

The First Woman President Of The United States Essay -- essays researc

Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton vs. Condoleeza Rice   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I believe that Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton has the better chance of becoming the first woman president of the United States. She is a former First Lady and has had input in the decisions of the Clinton Administration. She worked hand in hand with former President Bill Clinton. She is very smart, a firm believer in her causes such as, helping everyday people, the underprivileged and minorities, etc. Hillary is very outspoken and her voice is heard. She has always believed in advancing the cause civil rights. (Listening to the Media) Hillary Clinton became a resident of New York and ran for and won a seat in the Senate in November 2000. She is the first First Lady elected to the United States Senate and the first woman elected statewide in New York. Her strong negatives were up to 46 percent during her race for senator and she won. Now because of her performance in office, her negatives are down in the mid-30’s. Another supporting factor is that she has run for public office and the people elected her. (Article in, The Washington Times) She is very popular and liked. For the first six years of former President Bill Clinton’s eight years in office she was first on the top ten’s list of most admired women. Her active role began in 1993 when the President asked her to chair the Task Force on National Health Care Reform. She continued to be lead and be the supporter for expandi...

Immigration Reformation

Mexico’s immigration policies comprise single, streamlined laws that ensure that foreign visitors and immigrants are regimented. For a better picture, these include stern rules that these immigrants are in the country legally, that they are able to sustain themselves economically, that they do not become burdens to the society, that they are of good character and have no criminal records, and are contributors to the general wellbeing of the nation.In fact, immigration authorities compile records of each foreign visitor and assure that these visitors do not violate their visa status. They are also banned from meddling with internal politics and those who violate the terms of their entry and who enter under false pretenses are imprisoned or deported (Lillpop). Indeed, the Mexican constitution strictly defines the rights of its citizens and as one may put it, the denial of may fundamental rights to non-citizens, legal or illegal.Though its law makes perfect sense, Mexico is pushi ng the United States to water down the latter’s immigration rules, when, in the first place, its own immigration restrictions are the toughest in the continent. However, also looking at Mexico’s points, El Paso asks the US government to stop raids and dividing American families insisting, â€Å"We are not the Enemy, We are Part of the Solution† (Garcia & Camargo).The rally down in El Paso has emphasized the need for new immigration policies that provide means for immigrants residing in the United States to attain permanent residency. Some say Mexican leaders demanding from the United States immigration laws, which contradict its own. Some even say the agenda of Mexico for such demand is clear: to have a one-way immigration relationship with the United States. However, looking at a broader perspective, I believe Mexico only wants to impose stern rules with regards to foreigners to protect its citizens and the well being of its nations.United States, on the other hand, are trying to impose the same, now with opposition from the Mexicans. Who are directly affected here are those Southerners who live in US soil and vice versa. To avoid stepping on each other’s flags and more importantly to avoid misunderstanding between the neighboring countries, each much provide room for adjustments and meet halfway so as to grant the its citizens, foreign or not, just and humane rights even if they live in a soil foreign to their true nation.Works Cited Lillpop, John. â€Å"Immigration Reform? Lets Try Mexico’s Immigration Law. † 27 February 2007. Canada Free Press. 19 October 2007. . Garcia, Fernando & Camargo, Betty. â€Å"El Paso and Southern New Mexico Communities March and Rally for Just, Humane and Comprehensive Immigration Reform NOW! †. 6 April 2007. Border Network and Human Rights. 19 October 2007. .

Beowulf: the Film vs. the Text

Throughout time, many stories have been altered to suit a particular time period. Often times a film’s adaptation is much different than text adaptations while the two can also be very similar. Over the span of hundreds of years there have been multiple interpretations of Beowulf detailing the similarities and differences between the 2007 film and the various text versions. The portrayal of both King Hrothgar’s and Grendel’s appearance and personalities are different in the film than in the text.In the motion picture version, he was portrayed as being an unstable alcoholic. This quote from the film demonstrates this, â€Å"I want mead! Give me some mead, my queen† (Beowulf: Top Ten Quotes)! In the film King Hrothgar is also portrayed as being a disgrace to his wife, in the written version on the other hand he was portrayed as a noble and mighty king who was adored by all his loyal subjects. ‘They said that of all the kings upon the earth he was the m an most gracious and fair-minded, kindest to his people and keenest to win fame† (Beowulf: Top Ten Quotes).In the movie, there was mention of an affair that King Hrothgar had. This quote from the film exposes the queen’s pain as she discovers the affair, â€Å"How could I ever lay with you, knowing you laid with her† (Beowulf: Top Ten Quotes)? In the text edition there is no evidence of any affair. In the picture Grendel had a very apathetic appearance. In the written material he was personified as an enormous monster thatis feared by ? Hamilton 2 all of Herot. This quote demonstrates his tormenting of the people by Grendel. There have been many great men who have come, but in the morning there was nothing left but blood on the floor, and the ventures, and the walls† (Memorable Quotes for Beowulf (2007)). In the film Grendel had the ability to speak and he was sensitive to light and sound. The way details and events were explained was different in one of th e two versions. In the film for example, King Hrothgar commits suicide, there is no evidence in the text supporting this.The film implies that Beowulf takes interest in the queen, while in the text there is no evidence of any romantic interest among them. This line from the film shows Beowulf’s interest, â€Å"Me It's not me he wants, my queen† (Memorable Quotes for Beowulf (2007))? The film states that Beowulf not only had an affair with Grendel’s Mother but also had a child with her. In the movie Beowulf marries the queen after Hrothgar’s death and eventually cheats on her similar to how Hrothgar did.The text details a tower that was dedicated to Beowulf after his demise; however the film eludes any mention of a tower. Wiglaf was crowned king before Beowulf’s demise in the movie but the text insinuates that the crowning occurred after his death. The battles were illustrated differently in both variations. For instance â€Å"The Battle with Grend el’s Mother† never transpired; instead she had a child with Beowulf. In â€Å"The Battle with Grendel†, the film insinuates that the men were awake when Grendel attacked and he also attacked numerous men.In the text on the hand, the men were asleep when he attacked and he only attacked Wiglaf. In â€Å"The Battle with The Dragon† viewers learned that he was actually Beowulf’s son. Throughout time there have been multiple analyses of Beowulf detailing the similarities and differences between the 2007 film and the various text translations. There are a wide range of differences in the film versus the text. These differences range from something as little as the appearances of main characters to the depiction of major events and details. Beowulf: the Film vs. the Text Throughout time, many stories have been altered to suit a particular time period. Often times a film’s adaptation is much different than text adaptations while the two can also be very similar. Over the span of hundreds of years there have been multiple interpretations of Beowulf detailing the similarities and differences between the 2007 film and the various text versions. The portrayal of both King Hrothgar’s and Grendel’s appearance and personalities are different in the film than in the text.In the motion picture version, he was portrayed as being an unstable alcoholic. This quote from the film demonstrates this, â€Å"I want mead! Give me some mead, my queen† (Beowulf: Top Ten Quotes)! In the film King Hrothgar is also portrayed as being a disgrace to his wife, in the written version on the other hand he was portrayed as a noble and mighty king who was adored by all his loyal subjects. ‘They said that of all the kings upon the earth he was the m an most gracious and fair-minded, kindest to his people and keenest to win fame† (Beowulf: Top Ten Quotes).In the movie, there was mention of an affair that King Hrothgar had. This quote from the film exposes the queen’s pain as she discovers the affair, â€Å"How could I ever lay with you, knowing you laid with her† (Beowulf: Top Ten Quotes)? In the text edition there is no evidence of any affair. In the picture Grendel had a very apathetic appearance. In the written material he was personified as an enormous monster thatis feared by ? Hamilton 2 all of Herot. This quote demonstrates his tormenting of the people by Grendel. There have been many great men who have come, but in the morning there was nothing left but blood on the floor, and the ventures, and the walls† (Memorable Quotes for Beowulf (2007)). In the film Grendel had the ability to speak and he was sensitive to light and sound. The way details and events were explained was different in one of th e two versions. In the film for example, King Hrothgar commits suicide, there is no evidence in the text supporting this.The film implies that Beowulf takes interest in the queen, while in the text there is no evidence of any romantic interest among them. This line from the film shows Beowulf’s interest, â€Å"Me It's not me he wants, my queen† (Memorable Quotes for Beowulf (2007))? The film states that Beowulf not only had an affair with Grendel’s Mother but also had a child with her. In the movie Beowulf marries the queen after Hrothgar’s death and eventually cheats on her similar to how Hrothgar did.The text details a tower that was dedicated to Beowulf after his demise; however the film eludes any mention of a tower. Wiglaf was crowned king before Beowulf’s demise in the movie but the text insinuates that the crowning occurred after his death. The battles were illustrated differently in both variations. For instance â€Å"The Battle with Grend el’s Mother† never transpired; instead she had a child with Beowulf. In â€Å"The Battle with Grendel†, the film insinuates that the men were awake when Grendel attacked and he also attacked numerous men.In the text on the hand, the men were asleep when he attacked and he only attacked Wiglaf. In â€Å"The Battle with The Dragon† viewers learned that he was actually Beowulf’s son. Throughout time there have been multiple analyses of Beowulf detailing the similarities and differences between the 2007 film and the various text translations. There are a wide range of differences in the film versus the text. These differences range from something as little as the appearances of main characters to the depiction of major events and details.

A Cry From the Heart essays

A Cry From the Heart essays What is Justice? Who follows Justice? What kind of peace is the United-States and Israel declare they want? Who are the ones that instigate violence? For the Americans and the Israelis, those questions are answered in the following manner: Palestinians want war; they are the instigators of violence; they refuse to go to the negotiating table; they refuse peace. However, reality is completely in contrary to what they claim. Answer those questions and u will have a clear image of the truth. Who are the ones with the bulldozers? Who are the ones with F-15s? Who are the ones with the guns and missiles? Who are the ones that came in 1948 and expelled more than 860,000 Palestinians out of their homes? Who are the ones who killed 3,500 Palestinians refugees in the camp of Sabra and Shatila in 36 hours? Who are the ones raping young girls and woman with broken bottles? Who are the ones skinning off the face of innocent Muslim alive? Who are the ones killing children in the arms of their mothers? Who are the ones who killed a young boy and his father, circled in a corner, after they surrendered? Who are the ones who planted a mine in a schoolyard killing 5 young children? Who are the ones destroying Palestinian homes for no reason? Who are the ones killing mothers in front of their children? Who are the ones assassinating fathers in front of their wives and children? Who are the ones imprisoning 500 Muslims in a cave, torturing them and killing them all at once? The United States of America and Israel refuse to answer and admit the answers to these questions. They allege that the Palestinian are declaring war and that any mean of resistance are acts of terrorism. There is one thing Sharon and Bush must know. The Palestinian people do not have bulldozers, F-15s, missiles and guns. The only weapons in their possession are their hands and their strong faith ...

Can vs. May

Can vs. May Can vs. May Can vs. May By Maeve Maddox Can and may belong to a category of verbs variously referred to as auxiliary, helping, modal, and defective. They are linguistic fossils, deriving from Old English conjugations that have dwindled through time to only one or two forms. May and its past form might come from OE magan, â€Å"may, to be able.† In modern English, may sometimes carries the sense of expressing permission. Some parents still teach their children to make requests with the word may rather than can. The routine goes like this: Child: Mother, can I play outside? Mother: I’m sure you can play outside. The question is, â€Å"May you?† Child: May I play outside? Mother: Yes, you may. In present tense, may and might are almost interchangeable. A subtle difference is that may can indicate a more likely possibility than might. For example, consider the following sentences: â€Å"I may go to Billy’s game.† â€Å"I might go to Billy’s game.† The use of may suggests a greater possibility than might. The first speaker, for example, may be a parent, while the second speaker may have little interest either in sports or in Billy and is merely being polite. Either may or might is acceptable in the present tense; in the past tense, might is almost always going to be the correct choice. For example, â€Å"He might have won the election if he hadn’t been so truthful.† The present form may could be used to indicate uncertainty about something that may or may not have happened in the past: â€Å"She may have intended a compliment when she said that about your hair.† When in doubt, use might. Can and could derive from OE cunnan, â€Å"to be able.† Present tense can conveys possibility and ability: â€Å"I can help with the painting.† It can also be used to make a statement about the future: â€Å"I can help you with the painting tomorrow.† Can is often used to pose a question that is really a strong request or command: â€Å"Can you stop your whining and just do your work?† â€Å"Can you hold the door for me?† Could is used in the past tense to talk about past ability or possibility. For example, â€Å"I could recite the alphabet before my older brother.† â€Å"You could have taken a short cut and arrived before the others.† Could can also be used in the present tense to couch a request: â€Å"Could you please tell me where I can park?† Can, could, may, and might all take the bare infinitive: â€Å"I can remember everything.† â€Å"I could wish for a second chance.† â€Å"She may go to New Orleans next year.† â€Å"They might spend the night in Joplin.† Note: In its most recognizable form, the English infinitive is written with the particle to in front of it: to go, to sing, to feel, to believe. This is called the â€Å"full infinitive.† When written without the to, it’s called the â€Å"bare infinitive.† The bare infinitive is sometimes called the â€Å"zero infinitive.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Incorrect Pronunciations That You Should Avoid"Owing to" vs "Due to"Educational vs. Educative

Impact of the World Trade Organization on Intellectual Property Rights Essay

Impact of the World Trade Organization on Intellectual Property Rights - Essay Example Finally, economics affect the governments by determining nation’s financial resources needed in the sustenance of the country’s requirements. The World Trade Organization (WTO) is an international body which has the main responsibility for regulating trade between different countries engaged in commercial activities. For example, the WTO standardizes trading policies by finding a common ground between different domestic policies (Kroll, 1999). Recent years have proved to be challenging for trading activities, especially in what concerns the intellectual property rights. Due to differences in policies regarding the ownership and transference of intellectual rights from one person to another, these rights are a crucial issue of contention between countries engaged in trading activities at the international level (Kroll, 1999). The WTO continues to resolve disputes arising with regard to intellectual property rights by providing a standardized set of rules used in the judgment of these cases (Kroll, 1999). Free trade recognizes individual rights to own and dispose of property and is a result of capitalism, which replaced the once popular mercantilism. Capitalism allows for privatization of wealth and the subsequent reduction of restrictions on trade, namely free trade (Craig, 1994). Free trade is considered an economic provision for exchange of goods and services without the intervention of the government, especially in view of foreign trade. In this scenario, the traders utilize the principle of comparative advantage, i.e. both parties benefit from the trade interactions. Ricardo (1817) demonstrated the gains from free trade by an example between two countries, which can use comparative advantage. Matters of guiding policies dictate that free trade ought to rely on supply and demand governing the prices and availability of the goods and services. However, comparative advantage, demand, and supply do not guarantee fair trade.

The tomato is an important food in many cultures and modern cuisines Essay

The tomato is an important food in many cultures and modern cuisines - Essay Example Today, the tomato is of importance as a staple food and as such has to be specially cared for in regard to the methods of growing, in protecting it from disease, and in deciding which varieties are most beneficial and popular. Finally, current research explores the new potential of tomatoes as a food source world wide as well as the previously unknown benefits it may bring to one's health when consumed in the right...... Size, as well, can vary—from the small, marble-like varieties to large, almost melon-sized types. (Lerner 1) The anatomy of a tomato plant has all the common characteristics of any berry plant. The tomato is fleshy on the outside, and this part of its anatomy is known as the pericarp. The pericarp specifically includes the outer wall, as well as two inner walls—the septa and then the columella. As a whole, these form the part of the fruit that is first bitten into by a human. The seeds of the tomato are located inside locular cavities, which are the crescent shaped cavities inside the tomato's outer wall and along the septa. These seeds are connected by a radiating pattern to vascular bundles that lie within the outer wall. These seeds are inside clear, gelatinous membranes as well, and are easily recognized when viewing a bisected tomato. These fruits develop from the ovary of the flower of the tomato plant. (Rost) The tomato flower also exhibits a berry plant anatomy. The plant has yellow flowers that can develop in multiple patterns or inflorescences. Temperature and other factors can influence how the stems of the flowers develop, either with single or multiple flowers and in what sort of pattern. The anatomy of the flower itself can be divided into four layers, or whorls. Sepals, the green fleshy protective layer of the flower, are the first layer. Inside the sepals are the yellow flower petals of the tomato plant, which are intended to attract pollinators. Two elongated compartments lie within the flower petals, and these are known as the stamens. The stamens are the male reproductive organs of the flower. The stamens serve as a protective cylinder around the carpels, which are bulb-like

Quantitative and Qualitative Article Critiques Annotated Bibliography

Quantitative and Qualitative Article Critiques - Annotated Bibliography Example Since mental health is an important determining factor to grade the associated comorbidities and hence outcomes related to quality of life in individuals with heart failure, interventions to improve mental health would also influence the quality of life in these patients. The problem in this study therefore to investigate the effects of nursing interventions directed to this area and to know whether these mental health nursing interventions improves the outcome. The problem is sufficiently narrow, since this asks a specific question about the management of heart failure problems, where the psychological distress part of the causative factors for heart failure is in question. This does not make this question trivial, since even though narrow, this addresses a very important comorbidity which has been hypothesized to have significant impact on the outcome of care in these patients over and above the conventional means of symptom management and palliative measure. The study highlights a n area of focus where reduction of morbidity and mortality is important part of care, which tends to identify the nursing strategies in this context, in order to improve the perceptions of wellbeing and quality of life in these patients. ... This purpose hence narrows down and clarifies the aim of the study that has been designed to examine the effectiveness of these nursing strategies for intervention. The research variables have been thus identified, which are psychological comorbidities of heart failure, outcomes such as perceptions about symptoms and quality of life, and nursing interventions to enhance mental health. The population has been identified to the patients having heart failure, and the research setting has been identified to the heart failure patients who receive home care. The problem is significant, since research has acknowledged the importance of influence of mental health in determining comorbidity in heart failure patients. Improvement of quality of life and satisfaction is a nursing forte, since they are more closely related to care of the patients. If nursing mental health interventions are really proved to be improving health outcomes in these patients in home care, this can serve as evidence for care interventions in future nursing practice. This is a very feasible research in terms of money commitment, since although the design is experimental, this authors planned to utilize the existing system of home care nursing interventions, since many patients with heart failure are treated by home care agencies. They made arrangements made with home care agencies, where already baseline data were available. The rest of the design involves interventions, which are priceless, and analysis cost is nominal. The researchers are experienced professors, and this study was supported by American Heart Association, and they possess the expertise to undertake a research of this magnitude. As has been mentioned earlier, the

Christianity and islam

Christianity and islam Reflection Paper: Both Christianity and Islam are very wide spread religions in the world which have a great impact on the lives of their believers especially spiritually. Their common originality, values and some believes has enabled most of their believers to respect and try to understand each others faith. In most nations of the world these two religions have formed the bases of the countries laws and are highly recognized by the governments. Though Christianity is widely spread compared to Islam, they impose the same challenge to each other Considering the similarities and the differences between Islam and Christianity, the two can be said to be very different since the main prophets and the holy books which form the basis and guidance of the respective religions are not acceptable to the other. Christian faith is based on birth, crucification, death and resurrection of Jesus Christ who is the messiah which is contrary to the Muslims view of Christ being just a prophet among the many. Comparison between the two religions was much easier because theres a clear difference between the beliefs of the religions as well as practices in time of worship. This is because in day today life of the respective believers their religious views are aired. Getting the historic origin of the two religions was much easier especially that of Christianity which begun as a Jewish sect in the Mediterranean and Islam in the 7th century after the death of Prophet Muhammad. Getting the differences between the two both being Abrahamic religions and the holy books the Quran and the Bible referring to similar ancient people like Isaac and Ishmael in a related context. Introduction Christianity is a religious belief which begun as a Jewish belief and is seen as Abrahamic religion. Its followers are referred to as Christians. They believe in Jesus Christ the messiah as the prophet send by God to save mankind and the holy bible as the guide of their faith. They also believe that the messiah who came in the form of mankind suffered, died and resurrected to remiss them of their sins. It is also believed that he would return to reward those who have lived according to the doctrines taught by the holy bible.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Islam is an Arabic word meaning submission and therefore Islam religion is believed to be an Abrahamic religion which believes in submission to the almighty God Allah and Muhammad as the prophet. Quran is the holy book believed to be the guideline of the Muslims who are the of the Islamic religion. It is believed that Allah repeatedly revealed it to Muhammad verbally through angel Jibril and the original Arabic version is the final revelation from God which is verbal. Historic background According to Stern(11-15) Christianity originates from the word kristos which is a Greek word meaning the anointed one and it is a monotheistic religion. It guided by the life and teachings of Christ Jesus as shown in the holy bible. It begun as a Jewish sect from the eastern Mediterranean in the first century and by the 4th century was already dominant in the Roman Empire. Most of Europe was Christianized by the Middle Ages but Middle East, North Africa and some regions in India remained with minority Christians. It spread to America, Australasia and all over the world through colonization, discovery work and missionary work hence became a major influence in Western civilization shaping. Thrower argued that It is the words largest religion and represents about a quarter of the entire population, also considered as a state religion in several countries (21-25) It is categorized into three groups: Catholics, Protestants and orthodox.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Islam began developing as from the 7th century with the reconstruction of Prophet Muhammads life after his death. It started spreading in Atlantic Ocean to Central Asia after Prophet Muhammads first recitation of the Quran. According to Williams (1994) The Great Mosque of Kairouan is considered as origin of the western Islamic world mosques and is preserved up to now. Reference to Abdul-Rahman Islamic dynasties like Ottomans and Mughals collapsed under the European imperial sway during 18th and 19th centuries (141-160). Muhammad started conveying Islam at Mecca and later moved to Medina where the tribes of Arabia were united to a polity of Arab Muslim religion.Umar succeeded him in 634 following his death. The other successors were Uthman ibn al-Affan and Ali ibn Talib; the four are referred to as al-khulafa ar-rashidun. Several conflicts followed over political and religious leadership which led to the rise of schism amongst the Muslims. Basically the origin of I slam is tied to the economic, political and military. Similarities between Islam and Christianity   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  According to Strachey (62-69) both Islam and Christianity are Abrahamic religions or in other words believe in the existence of one supreme God. They both share common values and origin which is found in Judaism when the people of Israel were given Torah. Islam was founded by Muhammad referring to the Quran while Christianity was started by the followers of Jesus of Nazareth but they both acknowledge a spiritual tradition related to Abraham. For the two religions, God rules, judges, forgives and hes the creator of the universe. Jerusalem is also of major importance to both religions. It was the city where Christ was brought up, crucified, buried as well as resurrected. He also healed, preached and cleansed the temple so its considered as a holy place. The Al-Aqsa mosque in Sura Al-Isra also called the ‘furthest mosque is located in Jerusalem the holy land. Abdul-Rahman (55-64) the first Muslims also prayed towards Jerusalem not Mecca and it was also the plac e where Muhammad ascended to heaven. The two religions also affirm that God sends angels and prophets to convey messages to his people and through inspired scriptures reveals his divine will. They also believe in the judgement day when God will intervene in the history of mankind and determine their eternal lives depending on personal beliefs and actions. Both religions believe in the power of prayer and fasting as taught by their earlier prophets. Differences between Islam and Christianity Thrower(30-58) argues that Islam disagrees with some of the Christian beliefs about Jesus Christ like him being the son of God and savior of mankind, also the holy trinity of there being God the father, the son and the Holy Spirit. Christians reject Islams prophet and Quran while the Muslims support that God guides Christians but they perceive scriptures in their own interest. It is also different the way Muslims perceive the birth of Jesus compared to Christians. They believe that Jesus was created like Abraham while Christians believe that he was conceived by Virgin Mary through the Holy Spirit. They also believe that Jesus was to be crucified but was miraculously saved while Christians believe he was crucified but resurrected. Christians believe that the bible is Gods holy book which was written by people inspired by God and it teaches the will of God on mankind while the Muslims accept but believe that it has been corrupted to fit peoples interests over the years. Conclusion Christianity and Islam are major worlds religions with the latter having a greater number of followers. They share common origin, values and some believes like God being supreme, prophets being Gods messengers and judgement of humanity based on personal actions and faith while on earth. The Quran and the Bible are considered as the two holy books written through Gods inspiration though the Quran is believed was verbally revealed to prophet. Muhammad through angel Jibril. The two religions have some major differences like the birth, crucification, death and resurrection of Jesus Christ. They also differ in the originality of the holy bible as compared to that of the holy Quran as well as its interpretation by the Christians. The similarities between the two outweigh the differences. Works Cited Abdul-Rahman, Muhammad, Saed. Islam questions and answers. Volume 22, MSA Publication Limited. Saudi Arabia. 1972 Lewis, Bernard Churchill, Buntzie, Ellis. In the religion and the people. Illustrated. Wharton School Publishing, U.S.A, 2008 Stern, Bernard, Joseph. Science society, Volume 12, 1-3, Concept Publishing Company, 1948. Strachey, Lytton Holroyd Michael. Eminent Victorians, Nile Penguin Classics, 1986. Thrower, James. Marxist-Leninist â€Å"scientific atheism† and the study of religion and atheism in the USSR. Volume 25. Vienna ; Walter de Gruyter, 1983. Willliams, John, Adel. The Word of Islam. University of Texas. Qayrawan. 1994

The Delusional Governess in Henry James The Turn of the Screw Essays

The existence of the ghosts in The Turn of the Screw has always been in debate. Instead of directly discussing whether the ghosts are real or not, this essay will focus on the reliability of the governess, the narrator of the story. After making a close examination of her state of mind while she is at Bly, readers of The Turn of the Screw will have many more clues to ponder again and to decide to what extent the governess can be believed. While critics like Heilman argue that there are problems with the interpretation that the governess was psychopathic, textual evidence incorporated with scientific research show that the governess did go through a period of psychical disorder that caused her insomnia, out of which she created hallucinations. In the prologue, Douglas gave a detailed account of the master from the governess ¡Ã‚ ¦s point of view. She regarded him as  ¡Ã‚ §handsome and bold and pleasant, off-hand and gay and kind; he struck her ¡Ã‚ ¨ (James 4). Later on we learn from Douglas that the governess accepted the job at Bly for the master ¡Ã‚ ¦s sake, and of course the generous salary offered by the master. Without any experience, the governess ¡Ã‚ ¦s passions for the master supported her to accept the job and confirmed her decision to take the challenge even though she feared not having the ability to accomplish the job.  ¡Ã‚ §The moral of which was of course the seduction exercised by the splendid young man. She succumbed to it ¡Ã‚ ¨ (James 5). With the love for the master, the governess had the courage to visit the master again and eventually took the job.  ¡Ã‚ §He held her hand, thanking her for the sacrifice, she already felt rewarded ¡Ã‚ ¨ (James 6). Her obsession with the master was somehow repressed owing to the absence of the master and the condi... ...ose cannot be the proof of the reliability of the governess. The issue whether the governess was insane or not may never be solved. Not only because critics seem to be able to find as much evidence as possible to prove their arguments but also, the reliability of the account of the governess colors the whole story with great ambiguity. We are not certain of the state of mind of the governess when she wrote down the story and when she related the story to Douglas. However, as we closely examine the state of mind of the governess, her reliability does appear to be in question. Beidler provided two readings of The Turn of the Screw and in the second one he declared:  ¡Ã‚ §the governess saw only what she wanted to see ¡Ã‚ ¨ (Beidler 9). She was so exhausted from her prolonged insomnia that she envisioned a story with ghosts for herself to fulfill her growth as a governess. The Delusional Governess in Henry James' The Turn of the Screw Essays The existence of the ghosts in The Turn of the Screw has always been in debate. Instead of directly discussing whether the ghosts are real or not, this essay will focus on the reliability of the governess, the narrator of the story. After making a close examination of her state of mind while she is at Bly, readers of The Turn of the Screw will have many more clues to ponder again and to decide to what extent the governess can be believed. While critics like Heilman argue that there are problems with the interpretation that the governess was psychopathic, textual evidence incorporated with scientific research show that the governess did go through a period of psychical disorder that caused her insomnia, out of which she created hallucinations. In the prologue, Douglas gave a detailed account of the master from the governess ¡Ã‚ ¦s point of view. She regarded him as  ¡Ã‚ §handsome and bold and pleasant, off-hand and gay and kind; he struck her ¡Ã‚ ¨ (James 4). Later on we learn from Douglas that the governess accepted the job at Bly for the master ¡Ã‚ ¦s sake, and of course the generous salary offered by the master. Without any experience, the governess ¡Ã‚ ¦s passions for the master supported her to accept the job and confirmed her decision to take the challenge even though she feared not having the ability to accomplish the job.  ¡Ã‚ §The moral of which was of course the seduction exercised by the splendid young man. She succumbed to it ¡Ã‚ ¨ (James 5). With the love for the master, the governess had the courage to visit the master again and eventually took the job.  ¡Ã‚ §He held her hand, thanking her for the sacrifice, she already felt rewarded ¡Ã‚ ¨ (James 6). Her obsession with the master was somehow repressed owing to the absence of the master and the condi... ...ose cannot be the proof of the reliability of the governess. The issue whether the governess was insane or not may never be solved. Not only because critics seem to be able to find as much evidence as possible to prove their arguments but also, the reliability of the account of the governess colors the whole story with great ambiguity. We are not certain of the state of mind of the governess when she wrote down the story and when she related the story to Douglas. However, as we closely examine the state of mind of the governess, her reliability does appear to be in question. Beidler provided two readings of The Turn of the Screw and in the second one he declared:  ¡Ã‚ §the governess saw only what she wanted to see ¡Ã‚ ¨ (Beidler 9). She was so exhausted from her prolonged insomnia that she envisioned a story with ghosts for herself to fulfill her growth as a governess.

Globalisation Is a Positive Force in the World. Discuss.

Globalisation is a positive force in the world. Discuss. In recent years, amongst all the claims and counterclaims, the argument over whether globalisation is a positive force or not has become rather controversial. Advocates claim globalisation facilitates economic growth, international financial integration, and cooperation between nations while critics vigorously argue that globalisation leads to a fierce exploitation of the labour class, a disparity between rich and poor, and a concentration of resources.Peng (2009) has indicated an innovative perception, the pendulum view, in order to emphasize both ups and downs of globalisation. As a pendulum, not only one direction swings, but also the other. The influence of globalisation raises the caution that dominant culture and multinational corporations (MNCs) control the most power which destroys not only local enterprises, but also local cultures and values. Despite the defects mentioned above, regarding the MNCs' international strat egy, it is often said globalisation as a foundation is conducive to the extension of profits.In this essay, the impact of globalisation on MNCs will be examined and will mainly concentrate on the following forces: market, cost, and efficiency. As the domestic market gradually matures, it is essential for a corporation in developed country to extend its market. The invisible pressure behind this phenomenon originates from keen competition with other companies, especially multinational enterprises possessing a large amount of capital. Gradually, the sum of profits decreases and the stockholders' grievances escalate. As a result, the board has to search for the solution to mitigate the clash.Facing this challenge, corporations attempt to sell products to consumers in emerging markets because these potential customers are many times greater than domestic consumers. Moreover, globalization transubstantiates not only the field of market but also the formation of industry. According to Sch olte (2005), Globalisation has transformed the constitution of predominant industries. During the late nineteenth century, older heavy industries such as chemicals and oil occupied the entire market. After that, approximately three-fifths enterprises have transferred to the region of finance, information and communications.In other words, the system of accumulating capital has been converted from merchandise to intangibles since 2000. However, globalisation creates not only advantages but disadvantages. In order to develop market overseas, MNCs utilize advertisement and mess media such as Hollywood movies to spread the value and cultures which might be considered materialistic and capitalistic. For example, McDonald has been accused of not only misleading many young people into believing fast food is beneficial but also destroying the local catering culture.Therefore, it is often said that cultural destruction is possibly triggered by enterprises, which brings about the steadily ero ded local culture and the state of collapse in cultural identity. Despite this, it is undeniable that globalisation still plays a pivotal role of expanding the market and a prerequisite for enterprises to thrive. The ultimate aim of production is ascertaining the location, closest to customers, to achieve the minimization of production costs. Thus, there is a motto for international business to consider where to establish the factory, which is â€Å"Location, location, location. Peng (2009) suggested that an ideal location requires not only location-specific advantages, associated with the uniqueness of geographical, but also agglomeration. The former provides the company with the traffic convenience such as Miami, known as the gateway of the Americas connecting North American firms to South American; the latter, clustering economic activities in certain locations to create a pool of specialized labor force, suppliers and purchasers, creates an advantage for a company to reduce cos ts thereby obtaining maximum of profits. Peng, 2009) In addition, a company attempting to decrease its production costs expands its operations overseas due to the effect of economies of scale. The more enormous the production scale, the lower a producer's average cost per unit. It is especially influential for those industries without production differentiation, producing certain manufactures such as steel and iron, tires and cars. As a result, they are forced to search for the advantages of cost leadership. In this situation, the advisable solution to the pressure of reducing costs is enhancing the scale of production to lower the fixed costs.In order to achieve it, enterprises have a tendency to pay the employee’s salary as less as possible, which contributes to exploitation. Consequently, exploitation result in unfavorable working conditions and  the unequal distribution  of wealth; increasing number of people living below the poverty line can cause social problems suc h as homelessness. In sum, it is necessary for enterprises to ensure proper working conditions while searching for cost leadership. Considering human resources deficiency, industries should be dedicated to the core business, and outsource the other less important departments or business to boost efficiency.Globalisation offers enterprises a new category of outsourcing, called offshore outsourcing. Differing from onshore outsourcing, a company utilizes offshore outsourcing for the purpose of decreasing costs and employing experts with high efficiency to economize on the inessential organisations or departments. For example, â€Å"IT is outsourced for many reasons, ranging from a bandwagon effect from the subject’s high profile to cost pressures due to competition and economic recession† (Lacity ; Willcocks, 2009, p. 212).To conquer these obstacles, offshore outsourcing is fully implemented to accumulate data, experts, and intellectual transactions in IT industry. Beside s this, in order to promote a company's efficiency, the high-speed internet as a connecting net is applied for various companies to communicate in the world, which creates low-cost business process outsourcing (BPO). BPO is introduced to those developed countries with high standardization in which a company transfers their non-core business to the countries with lower labor costs.Through twenty-four hours communication and production, two business-related companies have potential to continue working without cessation, which eventually assists both of them. Despite the advantages mentioned above, in the process of BPO, it is possible that the knowledge could be stolen. If a company’s intellectual property rights are infringed, their competitive strengths might suddenly vanish and it will lose a large number of money. To determine outsourcing or not, enterprises have to consider the importance of the task and how to avoid infringement.Therefore, it is viable for them to outsour ce those non-core businesses to enhance efficiency. To conclude, this essay briefly illustrates the effects of globalisation, as a foundation, offering a fundamental basis for market, cost and efficiency. This material foundation attracts enterprises to invest overseas, resulting in an assumption that enterprises can boost profits when they obtain complete qualifications, including multinational market, cost leadership, and high efficiency. However, as a pendulum, globalisation does have negative forces to enterprises, especially local business.As Peng (2009) commented that â€Å"some factions in emerging economies complained against the onslaught of MNEs, which allegedly not only destroy local companies, but also local cultures and values as well as the environment. †(Peng, 2009, p. 19) Based on these conflicts, the urgent issue for enterprises to face is how to reduce the unfavorable circumstances and, simultaneously, on a  global  scale, pursue the maximum value throug h managing the following four tensions: â€Å"strategy,  people,  costs, and  risk. † (Dewhurst, 2012, p. 77)